The Importance of Smart Fire Protection Applications in the Protection of Ancient Cultural Relics Buildings
Taking China as an example, an important characteristic of domestic cultural relics architecture is that there are many brick and wood and civil structures, and the fire protection foundation is relatively weak, making prevention difficult. In addition, the safety responsibilities of some cultural relics and buildings' management and use units have not been fully implemented, and fire safety management is rough and disorderly, with various fire hazards widely present. Taking 2018 as an example, the National Cutural Heritage Administration reported 12 fire accidents in cultural relic building units, including 3 national key cultural relic protection units and 1 provincial cultural relic protection unit. In order to reduce the fire hazards of ancient buildings and strengthen civil defense measures, the country has begun to increase investment in smart firefighting in cultural relics and ancient buildings.
In order to further strengthen the application of smart fire protection in the field of cultural relics and ancient buildings, China has successively issued the "Guiding Opinions on Strengthening the Fire Safety Work of Historical and Cultural Cities, Towns, Villages and Cultural Relics Buildings", "Ten Regulations on the Fire Safety Management of Cultural Relics Buildings", "Guiding Opinions of the State Council on Further Strengthening Cultural Relics Work", "Guiding Opinions on Fire Prevention and Control Technology for Ancient Towns and Villages", "Guidelines for Electrical Fire Prevention of Cultural Relics Buildings (Trial)" and so on. On April 1, 2019, Suzhou held a seminar on "Intelligent+Technology and Application of Fire Monitoring for Cultural Relics and Ancient Buildings". In August 2019, the Hangzhou Municipal Bureau of Landscape and Cultural Relics formulated the "Interim Measures for Subsidies for 'Smart Fire Protection System' in Hangzhou City", which pointed out that cultural relics protection units and historical buildings that completed the installation of 'smart fire protection' related systems between 2019 and 2022. From July 10th to 12th this year, Hangzhou will hold the "2020 China (Hangzhou) International Smart Fire Summit" at the International Expo Center, demonstrating the country's emphasis on the development of smart fire protection.
Shanghai Jing'an District is a good example of using smart fire protection systems to safeguard the safety of ancient buildings. Above Jing'an Temple Street, drones regularly patrol all protected buildings. In terms of building protection, each protected building is equipped with sensors, which are linked in real-time with the grid center through the Internet of Things and sensor technology, allowing buildings to grow "thousand mile eyes" and "windward ears". Smart fire makes full use of the new generation of information technology, solves the urgent needs of all parties involved in fire safety through the Internet of Things, big data, cloud computing, mobile Internet and other ways, solves major problems faced by fire safety in cultural relics work, and becomes a new model for developing fire safety management in cultural relics work.
Whether it is the government's emphasis or the actual needs of the market, the intelligent fire protection construction of cultural relics and ancient buildings has enormous potential and broad development space.
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